BILLS OF QUANTITIES (BOQ) The survival of any business is heavily dependent on the success of commercial management. When it comes to commercial management in the construction industry, the Bill of Quantities (BOQ) is the term that brings the attention of every construction professionals and stakeholder. It is one of …

What is crank Length of reinforcement   Crank is a slight bending in bars at the lap so that maintains the clear cover even at the lap position. The rule that is generally practiced is that the slope of crank 1:10 & the minimum length of crank 300 mm.   …